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arXiv:2609.27915v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite remarkable advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), their fine-grained visual understanding is constrained by a primary reliance on sparse textual supervision. Existing efforts to introduce visual supervision typically do so during post-training, when visual representations have already been largely fixed, causing such signals to act mainly as auxiliary constraints rather than as a primary force for shaping perceptual features. In this paper, we aim to fundamentally reshape the model's perceptual backbone by incorporating vision supervision directly into the pre-training stage. We observe that pixel-level image patches and textual tokens naturally coexist in a shared, raw high-dimensional space characterized by an inherent input symmetry. Leveraging this insight, we propose UVU, a novel vision-language unified autoregressive framework that eschews vector quantization. It uniquely employs continuous visual encoding for lossless representation of visual inputs and proposes a large-scale iterative hierarchical clustering algorithm to construct a pixel-level visual codebook, thereby extending the vocabulary for unified supervision and enabling autoregressive generation of pixel-level image tokens alongside textual tokens. UVU effectively synergizes pixel-level visual perception with semantic-level visual understanding, internalizing visual reconstruction capabilities and unlocking the facilitative role of visual supervision in enhancing understanding in the pre-training stage. Extensive experiments across multiple tasks demonstrate that MLLMs are capable of achieving superior multimodal understanding performance under the supervised learning paradigm of UVU.

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OpenAI and Hugging Face share early findings from a security incident during AI model evaluation, highlighting advanced cyber capabilities and lessons for defenders.

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We’re releasing gpt-oss-120b and gpt-oss-20b—two state-of-the-art open-weight language models that deliver strong real-world performance at low cost. Available under the flexible Apache 2.0 license, these models outperform similarly sized open models on reasoning tasks, demonstrate strong tool use capabilities, and are optimized for efficient deployment on consumer hardware.

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GPT-5.2 is our most advanced frontier model for everyday professional work, with state-of-the-art reasoning, long-context understanding, coding, and vision. Use it in ChatGPT and the OpenAI API to power faster, more reliable agentic workflows.

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arXiv:2511.19486v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Driven by recent advances in artificial intelligence, a growing literature has demonstrated the potential of using large language models (LLMs) as scalable surrogates to generate human-like responses. Two common approaches to improve the performance of LLMs include: fine-tuning, which aligns the LLM more closely with human responses, and rectification, which corrects biases in LLM outputs. In this paper, we develop a two-stage framework that combines fine-tuning and rectification, and optimally allocates limited labeled samples across the two stages. A key insight is that the conventional fine-tuning objective of minimizing mean squared prediction error is generally not aligned with the downstream rectification stage. For mean estimation, we propose to minimize the variance of the prediction errors; for general M-estimation, we propose to minimize a scalarized variance metric as the fine-tuning objective. Building on this insight, we leverage the scaling law of fine-tuning to optimally allocate the limited labeled human data between the fine-tuning and rectification stages. Our empirical analysis validates the fine-tuning scaling law and confirms that our proposed optimal allocation rule reliably identifies the optimal sample allocation. We demonstrate substantial efficiency gains in estimation and inference performance relative to fine-tuning or rectification alone, or to employing the conventional mean squared error objective within the fine-tuning then rectification framework. Such efficiency gains translate to significant cost savings for making reliable decisions.

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OpenAI frontier models and Codex are now generally available on AWS, giving enterprises a new path to build with OpenAI through the AWS environments, controls, and procurement workflows they already use. Customers can get started with OpenAI on AWS and move faster from evaluation to production.